README.md

%# Malaria-IBM-drug-resistance %%Here I created IBM for malaria using MATLAB % Malaria Individual-Based Model Focused on Drug Resistance % This script models the spread of malaria with a focus on drug resistance. % Assume a population with susceptible, infected, and resistant individuals.

% Parameters numIndividuals = 1000; % Total number of individuals numTimeSteps = 365; % Simulation time in days infectionRate = 0.1; % Rate of infection per contact recoveryRate = 0.05; % Rate of recovery from malaria drugResistanceRate = 0.02; % Rate at which drug resistance occurs initialInfected = 10; % Initial number of infected individuals initialResistant = 0; % Initial number of drug-resistant individuals

% State Variables % 1: Susceptible, 2: Infected, 3: Resistant population = zeros(numIndividuals, 1); population(1:initialInfected) = 2; % Initial infected individuals

% Initialize resistant individuals resistantIndividuals = find(population == 2); if ~isempty(resistantIndividuals) resistantIndividuals = resistantIndividuals(randperm(length(resistantIndividuals), initialResistant)); population(resistantIndividuals) = 3; end

% Track results over time susceptibleCount = zeros(numTimeSteps, 1); infectedCount = zeros(numTimeSteps, 1); resistantCount = zeros(numTimeSteps, 1);

for t = 1:numTimeSteps % Update counts susceptibleCount(t) = sum(population == 1); infectedCount(t) = sum(population == 2); resistantCount(t) = sum(population == 3);

% Transition of individuals
for i = 1:numIndividuals
    if population(i) == 2 % Infected
        if rand < recoveryRate
            if rand < drugResistanceRate
                population(i) = 3; % Develop resistance
            else
                population(i) = 1; % Recover to susceptible
            end
        end
    elseif population(i) == 1 % Susceptible
        % Check for new infections
        potentialInfected = find(population == 2);
        if ~isempty(potentialInfected)
            contactIndividual = potentialInfected(randi(length(potentialInfected)));
            if rand < infectionRate
                population(i) = 2; % Get infected
            end
        end
    end
end

end

% Plot results figure; plot(1:numTimeSteps, susceptibleCount, 'b', 'DisplayName', 'Susceptible'); hold on; plot(1:numTimeSteps, infectedCount, 'r', 'DisplayName', 'Infected'); plot(1:numTimeSteps, resistantCount, 'g', 'DisplayName', 'Resistant'); xlabel('Time (days)'); ylabel('Number of Individuals'); title('Malaria Individual-Based Model with Drug Resistance'); legend; grid on;