How Exactly Do I Use CRF with this Library?

[tonychenxyz]

I saw a few merge requests that contains CRF not being passed. I also didn't find any documentation on CRF. I was confused. I would really appreciate if someone could help. Thanks!

[bhack]

Is this a dup of #337?

[SeanLee97]

@tonychenxyz It seems like that the CRF layer has been removed from tensorflow_addons in the latest version. here is my solution based on nlp-architect to use CRF in Keras way.

lstm_crf.py

from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Input, Embedding, Bidirectional, LSTM, Dense

from crf import CRF


num_labels = 10
embedding_size = 100
hidden_size = 128

model = Sequential()
model.add(Embedding(num_labels, embedding_size, mask_zero=True))
model.add(Bidirectional(LSTM(hidden_size, return_sequences=True)))
model.add(Dense(num_labels))

crf = CRF(num_labels, sparse_target=True)
model.add(crf)
model.compile('adam', loss=crf.loss, metrics=[crf.accuracy])

crf.py

import tensorflow as tf
import tensorflow.keras.backend as K
import tensorflow.keras.layers as L
from tensorflow_addons.text import crf_log_likelihood, crf_decode


class CRF(L.Layer):
    def __init__(self,
                 output_dim,
                 sparse_target=True,
                 **kwargs):
        """    
        Args:
            output_dim (int): the number of labels to tag each temporal input.
            sparse_target (bool): whether the the ground-truth label represented in one-hot.
        Input shape:
            (batch_size, sentence length, output_dim)
        Output shape:
            (batch_size, sentence length, output_dim)
        """
        super(CRF, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.output_dim = int(output_dim) 
        self.sparse_target = sparse_target
        self.input_spec = L.InputSpec(min_ndim=3)
        self.supports_masking = False
        self.sequence_lengths = None
        self.transitions = None

    def build(self, input_shape):
        assert len(input_shape) == 3
        f_shape = tf.TensorShape(input_shape)
        input_spec = L.InputSpec(min_ndim=3, axes={-1: f_shape[-1]})

        if f_shape[-1] is None:
            raise ValueError('The last dimension of the inputs to `CRF` '
                             'should be defined. Found `None`.')
        if f_shape[-1] != self.output_dim:
            raise ValueError('The last dimension of the input shape must be equal to output'
                             ' shape. Use a linear layer if needed.')
        self.input_spec = input_spec
        self.transitions = self.add_weight(name='transitions',
                                           shape=[self.output_dim, self.output_dim],
                                           initializer='glorot_uniform',
                                           trainable=True)
        self.built = True

    def compute_mask(self, inputs, mask=None):
        # Just pass the received mask from previous layer, to the next layer or
        # manipulate it if this layer changes the shape of the input
        return mask

    def call(self, inputs, sequence_lengths=None, training=None, **kwargs):
        sequences = tf.convert_to_tensor(inputs, dtype=self.dtype)
        if sequence_lengths is not None:
            assert len(sequence_lengths.shape) == 2
            assert tf.convert_to_tensor(sequence_lengths).dtype == 'int32'
            seq_len_shape = tf.convert_to_tensor(sequence_lengths).get_shape().as_list()
            assert seq_len_shape[1] == 1
            self.sequence_lengths = K.flatten(sequence_lengths)
        else:
            self.sequence_lengths = tf.ones(tf.shape(inputs)[0], dtype=tf.int32) * (
                tf.shape(inputs)[1]
            )

        viterbi_sequence, _ = crf_decode(sequences,
                                         self.transitions,
                                         self.sequence_lengths)
        output = K.one_hot(viterbi_sequence, self.output_dim)
        return K.in_train_phase(sequences, output)

    @property
    def loss(self):
        def crf_loss(y_true, y_pred):
            y_pred = tf.convert_to_tensor(y_pred, dtype=self.dtype)
            log_likelihood, self.transitions = crf_log_likelihood(
                y_pred,
                tf.cast(K.argmax(y_true), dtype=tf.int32) if self.sparse_target else y_true,
                self.sequence_lengths,
                transition_params=self.transitions,
            )
            return tf.reduce_mean(-log_likelihood)
        return crf_loss

    @property
    def accuracy(self):
        def viterbi_accuracy(y_true, y_pred):
            # -1e10 to avoid zero at sum(mask)
            mask = K.cast(
                K.all(K.greater(y_pred, -1e10), axis=2), K.floatx())
            shape = tf.shape(y_pred)
            sequence_lengths = tf.ones(shape[0], dtype=tf.int32) * (shape[1])
            y_pred, _ = crf_decode(y_pred, self.transitions, sequence_lengths)
            if self.sparse_target:
                y_true = K.argmax(y_true, 2)
            y_pred = K.cast(y_pred, 'int32')
            y_true = K.cast(y_true, 'int32')
            corrects = K.cast(K.equal(y_true, y_pred), K.floatx())
            return K.sum(corrects * mask) / K.sum(mask)
        return viterbi_accuracy

    def compute_output_shape(self, input_shape):
        tf.TensorShape(input_shape).assert_has_rank(3)
        return input_shape[:2] + (self.output_dim,)

    def get_config(self):
        config = {
            'output_dim': self.output_dim,
            'sparse_target': self.sparse_target,
            'supports_masking': self.supports_masking,
            'transitions': K.eval(self.transitions)
        }
        base_config = super(CRF, self).get_config()
        return dict(base_config, **config)

[KacperKubara]

I think that CRF layer implementation had few unsuccessful PRs. #1733 seems to be a current one but it hasn't been merged yet. Better docs and tutorials would be really useful for all crf functionalities within tfa.text as it seems to be lacking.

[ravi0912]

@SeanLee97 Hey, I tried your code and it works fine for me. But after saving the model while loading it again I'm facing the problem.
tf.keras.models.load_model("tf_ner_model/tf_ner_2020_7_29.h5", custom_objects={"CRF": CRF})
I'm getting the below error:
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'num_classes'
Am I loading the model correctly?

[SeanLee97]

@ravi0912
It seems like that the parameter names in get_config() is not corresponding to the __init__() which leads to failure to initialization. I have uniformed the parameter names. You can try again with the new version CRF

[howl-anderson]

@SeanLee97 I and other developers discuss this type of implementation a few months ago. Unfortunately,

This solution has a shortage that this model can not be save and load from disk anymore.

You can find the docs I write in the file "design_docs/crf.md" of #377

[ravi0912]

@SeanLee97 I tried again and faced the same problem,
Just building the model and loading the weights worked for me.

[seanpmorgan]

Consolidating this with #337. We need to create an updated example with the new layer

[ngoquanghuy99]

@SeanLee97 Hey, I tried your code and it works fine for me. But after saving the model while loading it again I'm facing the problem.
tf.keras.models.load_model("tf_ner_model/tf_ner_2020_7_29.h5", custom_objects={"CRF": CRF})
I'm getting the below error:
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'num_classes'
Am I loading the model correctly?

Have you fixed this problem yet?

[luozhouyang]

hey guys, have a look to luozhouyang/keras-crf, which is a more elegant and convenient CRF built on tensorflow-addons.

[Tao2301230]

@SeanLee97 Hey, I tried your code and it works fine for me. But after saving the model while loading it again I'm facing the problem.
tf.keras.models.load_model("tf_ner_model/tf_ner_2020_7_29.h5", custom_objects={"CRF": CRF})
I'm getting the below error:
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'num_classes'
Am I loading the model correctly?

Have you fixed this problem yet?

try 'load_weights', instead of 'load_model' helps

[UrszulaCzerwinska]

Hi,
I just tested this solution with my Sequence classification model in keras but crf lowers my scores from 0.88 accuracy without crf to 0.84 with crf

I also tried luozhouyang/keras-crf but I am getting an error that is reported in issues with no answer.