book.bib

@Book{xie2015,
  title = {Dynamic Documents with {R} and knitr},
  author = {Yihui Xie},
  publisher = {Chapman and Hall/CRC},
  address = {Boca Raton, Florida},
  year = {2015},
  edition = {2nd Edition},
  note = {ISBN 978-1498716963},
  url = {http://yihui.name/knitr/},
}

@Book{R-bookdown,
  title = {Dynamic Documents with {R} and knitr},
  author = {Yihui Xie},
  publisher = {Chapman and Hall/CRC},
  address = {Boca Raton, Florida},
  year = {2015},
  edition = {2nd Edition},
  note = {ISBN 978-1498716963},
  url = {http://yihui.name/knitr/},
}


@book{whitlock2020,
  title={The analysis of biological data},
  author={Whitlock, Michael C and Schluter, Dolph},
  edition = {Third  Edition},
  year={2020}
}


@book{bergstrom2020,
  title={Calling bullshit: the art of skepticism in a data-driven world},
  author={Bergstrom, Carl T and West, Jevin D},
  year={2020},
  publisher={Random House},
  url ={https://www.callingbullshit.org/}
}


@book{wilke2019,
  title={Fundamentals of data visualization: a primer on making informative and compelling figures},
  author={Wilke, Claus O},
  year={2019},
  publisher={O'Reilly Media},
  url = {https://clauswilke.com/dataviz/}
}

@article{grolemund2018,
  title={R for Data Science},
  author={Grolemund, Garrett and Wickham, Hadley},
  year={2018},
  url = {https://r4ds.had.co.nz/}
}


@article{broman2018,
  author = {Karl W. Broman and Kara H. Woo},
  title = {Data Organization in Spreadsheets},
  journal = {The American Statistician},
  volume = {72},
  number = {1},
  pages = {2-10},
  year  = {2018},
  publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
  doi = {10.1080/00031305.2017.1375989},
  URL = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2017.1375989},
  eprint = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2017.1375989}
}



@article{TidyData,
   author = {Hadley  Wickham},
   title = {Tidy Data},
   journal = {Journal of Statistical Software, Articles},
   volume = {59},
   number = {10},
   year = {2014},
   keywords = {},
   abstract = {A huge amount of effort is spent cleaning data to get it ready for analysis, but there has been little research on how to make data cleaning as easy and effective as possible. This paper tackles a small, but important, component of data cleaning: data tidying. Tidy datasets are easy to manipulate, model and visualize, and have a specific structure: each variable is a column, each observation is a row, and each type of observational unit is a table. This framework makes it easy to tidy messy datasets because only a small set of tools are needed to deal with a wide range of un-tidy datasets. This structure also makes it easier to develop tidy tools for data analysis, tools that both input and output tidy datasets. The advantages of a consistent data structure and matching tools are demonstrated with a case study free from mundane data manipulation chores.},
   issn = {1548-7660},
   pages = {1--23},
   doi = {10.18637/jss.v059.i10},
   url = {https://www.jstatsoft.org/v059/i10}
}


@article{sandve2013,
    author = {Sandve, Geir Kjetil AND Nekrutenko, Anton AND Taylor, James AND Hovig, Eivind},
    journal = {PLOS Computational Biology},
    publisher = {Public Library of Science},
    title = {Ten Simple Rules for Reproducible Computational Research},
    year = {2013},
    month = {10},
    volume = {9},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003285},
    pages = {1-4},
    abstract = {},
    number = {10},
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003285}
}


@book{ismay2019,
  title={Statistical Inference via Data Science: A ModernDive into R and the Tidyverse},
  author={Ismay, Chester and Kim, Albert Y},
  year={2019},
  publisher={CRC Press},
  url ={https://moderndive.com/}
}


@article{wilson2017,
    author = {Wilson, Greg AND Bryan, Jennifer AND Cranston, Karen AND Kitzes, Justin AND Nederbragt, Lex AND Teal, Tracy K.},
    journal = {PLOS Computational Biology},
    publisher = {Public Library of Science},
    title = {Good enough practices in scientific computing},
    year = {2017},
    month = {06},
    volume = {13},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005510},
    pages = {1-20},
    abstract = {Author summary Computers are now essential in all branches of science, but most researchers are never taught the equivalent of basic lab skills for research computing. As a result, data can get lost, analyses can take much longer than necessary, and researchers are limited in how effectively they can work with software and data. Computing workflows need to follow the same practices as lab projects and notebooks, with organized data, documented steps, and the project structured for reproducibility, but researchers new to computing often don't know where to start. This paper presents a set of good computing practices that every researcher can adopt, regardless of their current level of computational skill. These practices, which encompass data management, programming, collaborating with colleagues, organizing projects, tracking work, and writing manuscripts, are drawn from a wide variety of published sources from our daily lives and from our work with volunteer organizations that have delivered workshops to over 11,000 people since 2010.},
    number = {6},
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005510}
}


@Book{wickham2016,
    author = {Hadley Wickham},
    title = {ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis},
    publisher = {Springer-Verlag New York},
    year = {2016},
    isbn = {978-3-319-24277-4},
    url = {https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org},
  }


@book{healy2018,
  title={Data visualization: a practical introduction},
  author={Healy, Kieran},
  year={2018},
  publisher={Princeton University Press},
  url = {https://socviz.co/}
}



@Book{tufte1983,
  author =       "Edward R. Tufte",
  title =        "The Visual Display of Quantitative Information",
  publisher =    pub-GP,
  address =      pub-GP:adr,
  pages =        "197",
  year =         "1983",
  ISBN =         "0-9613921-0-X",
  ISBN-13 =      "978-0-9613921-0-9",
  LCCN =         "K27.S8 T84",
  bibdate =      "Wed Dec 15 10:58:53 1993",
  bibsource =    "http://www.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/texgraph.bib",
  price =        "US\$34.00",
  acknowledgement = ack-nhfb,
}


@article{cochran2019,
author = {Cochran, James J.},
title = {What is the bootstrap?},
journal = {Significance},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {8-9},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2019.01225.x},
url = {https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2019.01225.x},
eprint = {https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2019.01225.x},
abstract = {Bradley Efron was awarded the 2018 International Prize in Statistics for the creation of the “bootstrap”, a method described as “the best statistical pain reliever ever produced”. But what is it, and how does it work? James J. Cochran explains},
year = {2019}
}


@article{cratsley2003,
  title={Female preference for male courtship flashes in Photinus ignitus fireflies},
  author={Cratsley, Christopher K and Lewis, Sara M},
  journal={Behavioral Ecology},
  volume={14},
  number={1},
  pages={135--140},
  year={2003},
  publisher={Oxford University Press}
}

@article{weissgerber2015,
    author = {Weissgerber, Tracey L. AND Milic, Natasa M. AND Winham, Stacey J. AND Garovic, Vesna D.},
    journal = {PLOS Biology},
    publisher = {Public Library of Science},
    title = {Beyond Bar and Line Graphs: Time for a New Data Presentation Paradigm},
    year = {2015},
    month = {04},
    volume = {13},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002128},
    pages = {1-10},
    abstract = {A systematic review of research articles reveals widespread poor practice in the presentation of continuous data. The authors recommend training for investigators and supply templates for easy use.},
    number = {4},
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1002128}
}
@article{beall2006,
    author = {Beall, Cynthia M.},
    title = "{Andean, Tibetan, and Ethiopian patterns of adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia}",
    journal = {Integrative and Comparative Biology},
    volume = {46},
    number = {1},
    pages = {18-24},
    year = {2006},
    month = {02},
    abstract = "{Research on humans at high-altitudes contributes to understanding the processes of human adaptation to the environment and evolution. The unique stress at high altitude is hypobaric hypoxia caused by the fall in barometric pressure with increasing altitude and the consequently fewer oxygen molecules in a breath of air, as compared with sea level. The natural experiment of human colonization of high-altitude plateaus on three continents has resulted in two—perhaps three—quantitatively different arterial-oxygen-content phenotypes among indigenous Andean, Tibetan and Ethiopian high-altitude populations. This paper illustrates these contrasting phenotypes by presenting evidence for higher hemoglobin concentration and percent of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin among Andean highlanders as compared with Tibetans at the same altitude and evidence that Ethiopian highlanders do not differ from sea-level in these two traits. Evolutionary processes may have acted differently on the colonizing populations to cause the different patterns of adaptation. Hemoglobin concentration has significant heritability in Andean and Tibetan samples. Oxygen saturation has no heritability in the Andean sample, but does among Tibetans where an autosomal dominant major gene for higher oxygen saturation has been detected. Women estimated with high probability to have high oxygen saturation genotypes have more surviving children than women estimated with high probability to have the low oxygen saturation genotype. These findings suggest the hypothesis that ongoing natural selection is increasing the frequency of the high saturation allele at this major gene locus.}",
    issn = {1540-7063},
    doi = {10.1093/icb/icj004},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/icj004},
    eprint = {https://academic.oup.com/icb/article-pdf/46/1/18/1887266/icj004.pdf},
}





@article{dhont,
	Abstract = {The sequencing and analysis of the banana genome is reported; these results inform plant phylogenetic relationships and genome evolution, and provide a resource for future genetic improvement of this important crop species.},
	Author = {D'Hont, Ang{\'e}lique and Denoeud, France and Aury, Jean-Marc and Baurens, Franc-Christophe and Carreel, Fran{\c c}oise and Garsmeur, Olivier and Noel, Benjamin and Bocs, St{\'e}phanie and Droc, Ga{\"e}tan and Rouard, Mathieu and Da Silva, Corinne and Jabbari, Kamel and Cardi, C{\'e}line and Poulain, Julie and Souquet, Marl{\`e}ne and Labadie, Karine and Jourda, Cyril and Lengell{\'e}, Juliette and Rodier-Goud, Marguerite and Alberti, Adriana and Bernard, Maria and Correa, Margot and Ayyampalayam, Saravanaraj and Mckain, Michael R. and Leebens-Mack, Jim and Burgess, Diane and Freeling, Mike and Mb{\'e}gui{\'e}-A-Mb{\'e}gui{\'e}, Didier and Chabannes, Matthieu and Wicker, Thomas and Panaud, Olivier and Barbosa, Jose and Hribova, Eva and Heslop-Harrison, Pat and Habas, R{\'e}my and Rivallan, Ronan and Francois, Philippe and Poiron, Claire and Kilian, Andrzej and Burthia, Dheema and Jenny, Christophe and Bakry, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric and Brown, Spencer and Guignon, Valentin and Kema, Gert and Dita, Miguel and Waalwijk, Cees and Joseph, Steeve and Dievart, Anne and Jaillon, Olivier and Leclercq, Julie and Argout, Xavier and Lyons, Eric and Almeida, Ana and Jeridi, Mouna and Dolezel, Jaroslav and Roux, Nicolas and Risterucci, Ange-Marie and Weissenbach, Jean and Ruiz, Manuel and Glaszmann, Jean-Christophe and Qu{\'e}tier, Francis and Yahiaoui, Nabila and Wincker, Patrick},
	Da = {2012/08/01},
	Date-Added = {2020-12-23 12:37:32 -0600},
	Date-Modified = {2020-12-23 12:37:32 -0600},
	Doi = {10.1038/nature11241},
	Id = {D'Hont2012},
	Isbn = {1476-4687},
	Journal = {Nature},
	Number = {7410},
	Pages = {213--217},
	Title = {The banana (Musa acuminata) genome and the evolution of monocotyledonous plants},
	Ty = {JOUR},
	Url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11241},
	Volume = {488},
	Year = {2012},
	Bdsk-Url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11241}}

@book{xie2018,
  title={R markdown: The definitive guide},
  author={Xie, Yihui and Allaire, Joseph J and Grolemund, Garrett},
  year={2018},
  publisher={CRC Press}
}


@article{chang2020,
  title={R graphics cookbook: practical recipes for visualizing data},
  author={Chang, Winston},
  year={2020},
  publisher={O'Reilly Media},
  url = {https://r-graphics.org/}
}


@article{humphrey2016,
  title={Outcome orientation: A misconception of probability that harms medical research and practice},
  author={Humphrey, Parris T and Masel, Joanna},
  journal={Perspectives in Biology and Medicine},
  volume={59},
  number={2},
  pages={147--155},
  year={2016},
  publisher={Johns Hopkins University Press}
}


@article{brandvain2015,
author = {Brandvain, Yaniv and Coop, Graham},
title = {Sperm should evolve to make female meiosis fair},
journal = {Evolution},
volume = {69},
number = {4},
pages = {1004-1014},
keywords = {Genomic conflict, meiosis, meiotic drive, sperm-egg interactions},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.12621},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/evo.12621},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/evo.12621},
abstract = {Genomic conflicts arise when an allele gains an evolutionary advantage at a cost to organismal fitness. Oögenesis is inherently susceptible to such conflicts because alleles compete for inclusion into the egg. Alleles that distort meiosis in their favor (i.e., meiotic drivers) often decrease organismal fitness, and therefore indirectly favor the evolution of mechanisms to suppress meiotic drive. In this light, many facets of oögenesis and gametogenesis have been interpreted as mechanisms of protection against genomic outlaws. That females of many animal species do not complete meiosis until after fertilization, appears to run counter to this interpretation, because this delay provides an opportunity for sperm-acting alleles to meddle with the outcome of female meiosis and help like alleles drive in heterozygous females. Contrary to this perceived danger, the population genetic theory presented herein suggests that, in fact, sperm nearly always evolve to increase the fairness of female meiosis in the face of genomic conflicts. These results are consistent with the apparent sperm dependence of the best characterized female meiotic driversin animals. Rather than providing an opportunity for sperm collaboration in female meiotic drive, the “fertilization requirement” indirectly protects females from meiotic drivers by providing sperm an opportunity to suppress drive.},
year = {2015}
}


@article{amrhein2019,
  title={Scientists rise up against statistical significance.},
  author={Amrhein, V and Greenland, S and McShane, B},
  journal={Nature},
  volume={567},
  number={7748},
  pages={305},
  year={2019}
}



@article{gelman2017,
author = {Andrew Gelman and John Carlin},
title = {Some Natural Solutions to the p-Value Communication Problem—and Why They Won’t Work},
journal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
volume = {112},
number = {519},
pages = {899-901},
year  = {2017},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
doi = {10.1080/01621459.2017.1311263},

URL = {
        https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2017.1311263

},
eprint = {
        https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2017.1311263

}

}









@article{wasserstein2016,
author = {Ronald L. Wasserstein and Nicole A. Lazar},
title = {The ASA Statement on p-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose},
journal = {The American Statistician},
volume = {70},
number = {2},
pages = {129-133},
year  = {2016},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
doi = {10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108},

URL = {
        https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108

},
eprint = {
        https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108

}

}



@article{fieberg2020,
  title={Resampling-based methods for biologists},
  author={Fieberg, John R and Vitense, Kelsey and Johnson, Douglas H},
  journal={PeerJ},
  volume={8},
  pages={e9089},
  year={2020},
  publisher={PeerJ Inc.}
}


@article{swierk2019,
    author = {Swierk, Lindsey and Langkilde, Tracy},
    title = "{Fitness costs of mating with preferred females in a scramble mating system}",
    journal = {Behavioral Ecology},
    volume = {30},
    number = {3},
    pages = {658-665},
    year = {2019},
    month = {01},
    abstract = "{Little is known about the operation of male mate choice in systems with perceived high costs to male choosiness. Scramble mating systems are one type of system in which male choice is often considered too costly to be selected. However, in many scramble mating systems, there are also potentially high rewards of male choosiness, as females vary dramatically in reproductive output and males typically mate once per season and/or per lifetime. Using scramble mating wood frogs (Rana sylvatica), we tested whether males gain fitness benefits by mating with preferred females. We conducted choice trials (1 male presented simultaneously with 2 females) and permitted males to mate with their preferred or nonpreferred female. Offspring of preferred and nonpreferred females were reared in the laboratory and field, and we quantified various fitness-relevant parameters, including survivorship and growth rates. Across multiple parameters measured, matings with preferred females produced fewer and lower-quality offspring than did those with nonpreferred females. Our results are inconsistent with the idea that mate choice confers benefits on the choosing sex. We instead propose that, in scramble systems, males will be more likely to amplex females that are easier to capture, which may correlate with lower quality but increases male likelihood of successfully mating. Such male choice may not favor increased fitness when the operational sex ratio is less biased toward males in scramble mating systems but is, instead, a bet-hedging tactic benefitting males when available females are limited.}",
    issn = {1045-2249},
    doi = {10.1093/beheco/arz001},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arz001},
    eprint = {https://academic.oup.com/beheco/article-pdf/30/3/658/28799096/arz001.pdf},
}



@article{wainer2007,
  title={The most dangerous equation},
  author={Wainer, Howard},
  journal={American Scientist},
  volume={95},
  number={3},
  pages={249},
  year={2007}
}



@article{pickup2019,
author = {Pickup, Melinda and Brandvain, Yaniv and Fraïsse, Christelle and Yakimowski, Sarah and Barton, Nicholas H. and Dixit, Tanmay and Lexer, Christian and Cereghetti, Eva and Field, David L.},
title = {Mating system variation in hybrid zones: facilitation, barriers and asymmetries to gene flow},
journal = {New Phytologist},
volume = {224},
number = {3},
pages = {1035-1047},
keywords = {gene flow, hybridization, introgression, mating system, reproductive isolation},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16180},
url = {https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.16180},
eprint = {https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nph.16180},
abstract = {Summary Plant mating systems play a key role in structuring genetic variation both within and between species. In hybrid zones, the outcomes and dynamics of hybridization are usually interpreted as the balance between gene flow and selection against hybrids. Yet, mating systems can introduce selective forces that alter these expectations; with diverse outcomes for the level and direction of gene flow depending on variation in outcrossing and whether the mating systems of the species pair are the same or divergent. We present a survey of hybridization in 133 species pairs from 41 plant families and examine how patterns of hybridization vary with mating system. We examine if hybrid zone mode, level of gene flow, asymmetries in gene flow and the frequency of reproductive isolating barriers vary in relation to mating system/s of the species pair. We combine these results with a simulation model and examples from the literature to address two general themes: (1) the two-way interaction between introgression and the evolution of reproductive systems, and (2) how mating system can facilitate or restrict interspecific gene flow. We conclude that examining mating system with hybridization provides unique opportunities to understand divergence and the processes underlying reproductive isolation.},
year = {2019}
}


@Book{turner1975,
  title = {The Vampire Bat},
  author = {Turner, DC},
  publisher = {The Johns Hopkins University Press},
  address = {Baltimore, MD.},
  year = {1975},
}


@article{simmons2005,
	author = {Simmons, Leigh W. and Roberts, Benjamin},
	title = {Bacterial Immunity Traded for Sperm Viability in Male Crickets},
	volume = {309},
	number = {5743},
	pages = {2031--2031},
	year = {2005},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1114500},
	publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	abstract = {The notion that a trade-off exists between immunity and reproduction is now a central concept in theories of sexual selection. However, whether such a trade-off exists between immunity and gamete viability has not been established. Here we show that genetic variance for high levels of an immune response required to fight bacterial infections is associated with genetic variance for low sperm viability. These data have implications for our understanding of sexual selection mechanisms and of reproductive costs in male longevity.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	URL = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/309/5743/2031},
	eprint = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/309/5743/2031.full.pdf},
	journal = {Science}
}


@article{clopper1934,
    author = {Clopper, C. J. and Pearson, E. S.},
    title = "{the use of confidence or fiducial limits illustrated in the case of the binomial}",
    journal = {Biometrika},
    volume = {26},
    number = {4},
    pages = {404-413},
    year = {1934},
    month = {12},
    issn = {0006-3444},
    doi = {10.1093/biomet/26.4.404},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/26.4.404},
    eprint = {https://academic.oup.com/biomet/article-pdf/26/4/404/823407/26-4-404.pdf},
}

@article {Chen2011,
	author = {Chen, I-Ching and Hill, Jane K. and Ohlem{\"u}ller, Ralf and Roy, David B. and Thomas, Chris D.},
	title = {Rapid Range Shifts of Species Associated with High Levels of Climate Warming},
	volume = {333},
	number = {6045},
	pages = {1024--1026},
	year = {2011},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1206432},
	publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	abstract = {The distributions of many terrestrial organisms are currently shifting in latitude or elevation in response to changing climate. Using a meta-analysis, we estimated that the distributions of species have recently shifted to higher elevations at a median rate of 11.0 meters per decade, and to higher latitudes at a median rate of 16.9 kilometers per decade. These rates are approximately two and three times faster than previously reported. The distances moved by species are greatest in studies showing the highest levels of warming, with average latitudinal shifts being generally sufficient to track temperature changes. However, individual species vary greatly in their rates of change, suggesting that the range shift of each species depends on multiple internal species traits and external drivers of change. Rapid average shifts derive from a wide diversity of responses by individual species.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	URL = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/333/6045/1024},
	eprint = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/333/6045/1024.full.pdf},
	journal = {Science}
}


@article{rutte2007,
    author = {Rutte, Claudia AND Taborsky, Michael},
    journal = {PLOS Biology},
    publisher = {Public Library of Science},
    title = {Generalized Reciprocity in Rats},
    year = {2007},
    month = {07},
    volume = {5},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050196},
    pages = {1-5},
    abstract = {Empirical evidence from rats supports the theory of generalized reciprocity, in which individuals are more likely to cooperate with an unknown individual if they have received help in the past.},
    number = {7},
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.0050196}
}


@article {young2004,
	author = {Young, Kevin V. and Brodie, Edmund D. and Brodie, Edmund D.},
	title = {How the Horned Lizard Got Its Horns},
	volume = {304},
	number = {5667},
	pages = {65--65},
	year = {2004},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1094790},
	publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	URL = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/304/5667/65},
	eprint = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/304/5667/65.full.pdf},
	journal = {Science}
}


@article {wooden2004,
	author = {Wooden, K. Mark and Walsberg, Glenn E.},
	title = {Body temperature and locomotor capacity in a heterothermic rodent},
	volume = {207},
	number = {1},
	pages = {41--46},
	year = {2004},
	doi = {10.1242/jeb.00717},
	publisher = {The Company of Biologists Ltd},
	abstract = {We quantify the locomotor capacity of the round-tailed ground squirrel (Spermophilus tereticaudus), a mammal that can lower energetic costs by relaxing thermoregulatory limits without becoming inactive. We measured maximum sprint speed, maximum limb cycling frequency and maximum force production in animals at body temperatures ranging from 31{\textdegree}C to 41{\textdegree}C. We found no thermal dependence in any of these parameters of locomotion. Results (means {\textpm} s.e.m.) across this range of body temperatures were: sprint speed = 4.73{\textpm}0.04 m s-1, limb cycling frequency = 19.4{\textpm}0.1 Hz and maximum force production = 0.012{\textpm}0.0003 N g-1. The neuro-muscular system of this species may thus be less thermally dependent at these temperatures than that of other mammals, allowing for the maintenance of whole-animal performance across a broader range of body temperatures. The absence of any significant loss of locomotor capabilities associated with either a decrease of 7-8{\textdegree}C or a rise of 3-4{\textdegree}C in body temperature from typical mammalian values raises significant questions regarding our understanding of the evolution and physiology of the mammalian mode of thermoregulation.},
	issn = {0022-0949},
	URL = {https://jeb.biologists.org/content/207/1/41},
	eprint = {https://jeb.biologists.org/content/207/1/41.full.pdf},
	journal = {Journal of Experimental Biology}
}


@article {tattersall2004,
	author = {Tattersall, Glenn J. and Milsom, William K. and Abe, Augusto S. and Brito, Simone P. and Andrade, Denis V.},
	title = {The thermogenesis of digestion in rattlesnakes},
	volume = {207},
	number = {4},
	pages = {579--585},
	year = {2004},
	doi = {10.1242/jeb.00790},
	publisher = {The Company of Biologists Ltd},
	abstract = {Some snakes have a feeding regime characterized by the infrequent ingestion of relatively large meals, causing impressive increments in post-prandial metabolism. Metabolism remains elevated for many days, while digestion proceeds, resulting in considerable investment of time and energy. Snakes actively adjust thermoregulatory behavior to raise their body temperature during digestion, exhibiting a post-prandial thermophilic response that accelerates digestion at the expense of higher metabolic rates. In the present study, we investigated the possibility that endogenously derived heat, originating as a byproduct of the post-prandial increase in metabolism, could itself contribute to the elevated body temperature during digestion in the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus. We assessed heat production, at a constant environmental temperature, by taking infrared (IR) images of snakes during fasting and after being fed meals varying from 10\% to 50\% of their own body masses. Our results show clearly that digesting rattlesnakes have significantly increased body temperatures, even when precluded from adjusting their thermoregulatory behavior. The feeding-derived thermogenesis caused the surface body temperature of rattlesnakes to increase by 0.9{\textendash}1.2{\textdegree}C, a temperature change that will significantly affect digestive performance. The alterations in body temperature following feeding correlated closely with the temporal profile of changes in post-prandial metabolism. Moreover, the magnitude of the thermogenesis was greater for snakes fed large meals, as was the corresponding metabolic response. Since IR imaging only assesses surface temperatures, the magnitude of the thermogenesis and the changes in deep core temperature could be even more pronounced than is reported here.},
	issn = {0022-0949},
	URL = {https://jeb.biologists.org/content/207/4/579},
	eprint = {https://jeb.biologists.org/content/207/4/579.full.pdf},
	journal = {Journal of Experimental Biology}
}




@article{kodricbrown1993,
author = {Kodric-Brown, Astrid and Brown, James H.},
title = {Highly Structured Fish Communities in Australian Desert Springs},
journal = {Ecology},
volume = {74},
number = {6},
pages = {1847-1855},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.2307/1939942},
url = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.2307/1939942},
eprint = {https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2307/1939942},
abstract = {To assess the pattern and causes of community structure, we sampled 38 isolated springs in the Dalhousie Basin of South Australia to determine the distributions of five taxa of native fishes. We visited each spring on at least two consecutive days, used several collecting methods to determine the presence of absence of each taxon, and took standardized measurements of abiotic environmental variables. Community organization was highly predictable: (1) number of species increased with spring size, (2) each species occurred in nearly all springs larger than a certain size, and (3) species composition exhibited nearly perfect nestedness. These results suggest that much of the variation in the composition of other communities may not be stochastic. When the influence of historical and environmental factors can be assessed, the colonization—extinction processes and ecological relationships that determine community structure may be highly deterministic.},
year = {1993}
}




@article{hosken2002,
author = {Hosken, D. J., and Blanckenhorn, W. U., and Garner, T. W. J},
title = {Heteropopulation males have a fertilization advantage during sperm competition in the yellow dung fly (Scathophaga stercoraria)},
journal = {Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B},
volume = {269},
pages = {1701–1707},
year = {2002}
}


@book{saini2019,
  title={Superior: The Return of Race Science},
  author={Saini, A.},
  isbn={9780807076910},
  lccn={2018060780},
  url={https://books.google.com/books?id=OaA3vAEACAAJ},
  year={2019},
  publisher={Beacon Press}
}


@article {repcris2015,
	author = {Open Science Collaboration},
	title = {Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science},
	volume = {349},
	number = {6251},
	elocation-id = {aac4716},
	year = {2015},
	doi = {10.1126/science.aac4716},
	publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	URL = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6251/aac4716},
	eprint = {https://science.sciencemag.org/content/349/6251/aac4716.full.pdf},
	journal = {Science}
}



@misc{leek2015,
      title={A glass half full interpretation of the replicability of psychological science},
      author={Jeffrey T. Leek and Prasad Patil and Roger D. Peng},
      year={2015},
      eprint={1509.08968},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={stat.AP}
}


@article{maxwell2004,
 author = {Maxwell, Scott E.},
 doi = {10.1037/1082-989x.9.2.147},
 journal = {Psychological Methods},
 keywords = {},
 number = {2},
 pages = {147-163},
 title = {The Persistence of Underpowered Studies in Psychological Research: Causes, Consequences, and Remedies},
 url = {https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1019973878 and http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1dff/5005b15b83db94862b71978ff35b32a5371e.pdf},
 volume = {9},
 year = {2004}
}

@article{head2015,
    doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1002106},
    author = {Head, Megan L. AND Holman, Luke AND Lanfear, Rob AND Kahn, Andrew T. AND Jennions, Michael D.},
    journal = {PLOS Biology},
    publisher = {Public Library of Science},
    title = {The Extent and Consequences of P-Hacking in Science},
    year = {2015},
    month = {03},
    volume = {13},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1002106},
    pages = {1-15},
    number = {3}

}



@article {hjelmborg2017,
	author = {Hjelmborg, Jacob and Korhonen, Tellervo and Holst, Klaus and Skytthe, Axel and Pukkala, Eero and Kutschke, Julia and Harris, Jennifer R and Mucci, Lorelei A and Christensen, Kaare and Czene, Kamila and Adami, Hans-Olov and Scheike, Thomas and Kaprio, Jaakko},
	editor = {,},
	title = {Lung cancer, genetic predisposition and smoking: the Nordic Twin Study of Cancer},
	volume = {72},
	number = {11},
	pages = {1021--1027},
	year = {2017},
	doi = {10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207921},
	publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group Ltd},
	abstract = {Background We aimed to disentangle genetic and environmental causes in lung cancer while considering smoking status.Methods Four Nordic twin cohorts (43 512 monozygotic (MZ) and 71 895 same sex dizygotic (DZ) twin individuals) had smoking data before cancer diagnosis. We used time-to-event analyses accounting for censoring and competing risk of death to estimate incidence, concordance risk and heritability of liability to develop lung cancer by smoking status.Results During a median of 28.5 years of follow-up, we recorded 1508 incident lung cancers. Of the 30 MZ and 28 DZ pairs concordant for lung cancer, nearly all were current smokers at baseline and only one concordant pair was seen among never smokers. Among ever smokers, the case-wise concordance of lung cancer, that is the risk before a certain age conditional on lung cancer in the co-twin before that age, was significantly increased compared with the cumulative incidence for both MZ and DZ pairs. This ratio, the relative recurrence risk, significantly decreased by age for MZ but was constant for DZ pairs. Heritability of lung cancer was 0.41 (95\% CI 0.26 to 0.56) for currently smoking and 0.37 (95\% CI 0.25 to 0.49) for ever smoking pairs. Among smoking discordant pairs, the pairwise HR for lung cancer of the ever smoker twin compared to the never smoker co-twin was 5.4 (95\% CI 2.1 to 14.0) in MZ pairs and 5.0 (95\% CI 3.2 to 7.9) in DZ pairs.Conclusions The contribution of familial effects appears to decrease by age. The discordant pair analysis confirms that smoking causes lung cancer.},
	issn = {0040-6376},
	URL = {https://thorax.bmj.com/content/72/11/1021},
	eprint = {https://thorax.bmj.com/content/72/11/1021.full.pdf},
	journal = {Thorax}
}



@book{pearl2018,
  abstract = {Correlation is not causation-this mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and established causality-the study of cause and effect-on a firm scientific basis. His work explains how we can know easy things, like whether it was rain or a sprinkler that made a sidewalk wet; and how to answer hard questions, like whether a drug cured an illness. Pearl's work enables us to know not just whether one thing causes another: it lets us explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It shows us the essence of human thought and key to artificial intelligence.},
  added-at = {2018-09-17T16:24:20.000+0200},
  address = {New York},
  author = {Pearl, Judea and Mackenzie, Dana},
  biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/212360928cada467ce0f3bfa5e511752d/flint63},
  file = {2018/PearlMackenzie18.pdf},
  interhash = {dc0eae388b44d13b931962ebc07f5914},
  intrahash = {12360928cada467ce0f3bfa5e511752d},
  isbn = {978-0-465-09760-9},
  isbn10 = {046509760X},
  keywords = {01941 103 ai algorithm book knowledge numerical processing science theory},
  language = {american},
  publisher = {Basic Books},
  related = {Pearl09},
  shop = {https://www.basicbooks.com/titles/judea-pearl/the-book-of-why/9780465097616/},
  sortdate = {2018-06-01},
  subtitle = {The New Science of Cause and Effect},
  timestamp = {2018-09-17T16:24:20.000+0200},
  title = {The Book of Why},
  year = 2018
}