docs(c/driver/framework): Add documentation for building a driver using the driver framework

[paleolimbot]

Example driver in action:

library(adbcdrivermanager)

drv <- adbc_driver(
  "/Users/deweydunnington/Desktop/rscratch/arrow-adbc/docs/source/cpp/recipe_driver/build/libdriver_example.dylib",
  "AdbcDriverExampleInit"
)

db <- drv |> adbc_database_init(uri = paste0("file://", getwd()))
con <- db |> adbc_connection_init()

nycflights13::flights |> 
  write_adbc(con, "flights.arrows", mode = "create")

con |> 
  read_adbc("SELECT * FROM flights.arrows") |> 
  tibble::as_tibble()
#> # A tibble: 336,776 × 19
#>     year month   day dep_time sched_dep_time dep_delay arr_time sched_arr_time
#>    <int> <int> <int>    <int>          <int>     <dbl>    <int>          <int>
#>  1  2013     1     1      517            515         2      830            819
#>  2  2013     1     1      533            529         4      850            830
#>  3  2013     1     1      542            540         2      923            850
#>  4  2013     1     1      544            545        -1     1004           1022
#>  5  2013     1     1      554            600        -6      812            837
#>  6  2013     1     1      554            558        -4      740            728
#>  7  2013     1     1      555            600        -5      913            854
#>  8  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      709            723
#>  9  2013     1     1      557            600        -3      838            846
#> 10  2013     1     1      558            600        -2      753            745
#> # ℹ 336,766 more rows
#> # ℹ 11 more variables: arr_delay <dbl>, carrier <chr>, flight <int>,
#> #   tailnum <chr>, origin <chr>, dest <chr>, air_time <dbl>, distance <dbl>,
#> #   hour <dbl>, minute <dbl>, time_hour <dttm>

^{Created on 2024-09-24 with reprex v2.1.1}

[lidavidm]

If I'm not mistaken we already have cpp_recipe.sh for testing? Can we just fold all the test scripts into one?

(We could even have a single parent CMake that adds the quickstart/driver example as child CMakes, though I can understand if you want the driver example to be fully self-contained there)

[paleolimbot]

I think a self-contained CMakeLists.txt is more realistic although I'm open to any suggestions here! I mostly just tried to emulate the existing art here which is great!

[lidavidm]

Ah I'm mostly just saying, we can just have a single shell script to invoke all the CMake builds for recipes. Not too big deal to me though