Finish 3.3.2

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        ruby: ['3.0', 3.1, 3.2, ruby-head, jruby]
+        ruby: ['3.0', 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, ruby-head, jruby]
     steps:
       - name: Clone repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v3
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
         run: ruby --version; bundle exec rspec spec || $ALLOW_FAILURES
       - name: Coveralls GitHub Action
         uses: coverallsapp/github-action@v2
-        if: "matrix.ruby == '3.0'"
+        if: "matrix.ruby == '3.3'"
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
   wintests:
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     env:
       CI: true
-      ALLOW_FAILURES: ${{ endsWith(matrix.ruby, 'head') || matrix.ruby == 'jruby' || matrix.ruby == '3.1' }}
+      ALLOW_FAILURES: ${{ endsWith(matrix.ruby, 'head') || matrix.ruby == 'jruby' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         ruby:
-          - 3.1
+          - 3.2
     steps:
       - name: Clone repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v3

README.md

@@ -265,9 +265,15 @@ A separate [SPARQL][SPARQL doc] gem builds on basic BGP support to provide full
     foaf[:name]   #=> RDF::URI("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name")
     foaf['mbox']  #=> RDF::URI("http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/mbox")
 
+## RDF-star CG
+
+[RDF.rb][] includes provisional support for [RDF-star][] with an N-Triples/N-Quads syntax for quoted triples in the _subject_ or _object_ position.
+
+Support for RDF-star quoted triples is now deprecated, use RDF 1.2 triple terms instead.
+
 ## RDF 1.2
 
-[RDF.rb][] includes provisional support for [RDF 1.2][] with an N-Triples/N-Quads syntax for quoted triples in the _subject_ or _object_ position.
+[RDF.rb][] includes provisional support for [RDF 1.2][] with an N-Triples/N-Quads syntax for triple terms in the _object_ position.
 [RDF.rb][] includes provisional support for [RDF 1.2][] directional language-tagged strings, which are literals of type `rdf:dirLangString` having both a `language` and `direction`.
 
 Internally, an `RDF::Statement` is treated as another resource, along with `RDF::URI` and `RDF::Node`, which allows an `RDF::Statement` to have a `#subject` or `#object` which is also an `RDF::Statement`.
@@ -394,6 +400,9 @@ from BNode identity (i.e., they each entail the other)
 * {RDF::RDFV}   - RDF Vocabulary (RDFV)
 * {RDF::XSD}    - XML Schema (XSD)
 
+## Change Log
+
+See [Release Notes on GitHub](https://github.com/ruby-rdf/rdf/releases)
 
 ## Dependencies
 
@@ -498,6 +507,7 @@ see <https://unlicense.org/> or the accompanying {file:UNLICENSE} file.
 [SPARQL doc]:       https://ruby-rdf.github.io/sparql
 [RDF 1.0]:          https://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/
 [RDF 1.1]:          https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/
+[RDF-star]:         https://www.w3.org/2021/12/rdf-star.html
 [RDF 1.2]:          https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-concepts/
 [SPARQL 1.1]:       https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/
 [RDF.rb]:           https://ruby-rdf.github.io/

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-3.3.1
+3.3.2

etc/n-triples.ebnf

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ ntriplesDoc       ::= triple? (EOL triple)* EOL?
 triple            ::= subject predicate object '.'
 subject           ::= IRIREF | BLANK_NODE_LABEL | quotedTriple
 predicate         ::= IRIREF
-object            ::= IRIREF | BLANK_NODE_LABEL | literal | quotedTriple
+object            ::= IRIREF | BLANK_NODE_LABEL | literal | tripleTerm | quotedTriple
 literal           ::= STRING_LITERAL_QUOTE ('^^' IRIREF | LANG_DIR )?
+tripleTerm        ::= '<<' subject predicate object '>>'
 quotedTriple      ::= '<<' subject predicate object '>>'
 
 @terminals

lib/rdf/mixin/enumerable.rb

@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@ def to_a
     #   * `:literal_equality' preserves [term-equality](https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf11-concepts/#dfn-literal-term-equality) for literals. Literals are equal only if their lexical values and datatypes are equal, character by character. Literals may be "inlined" to value-space for efficiency only if `:literal_equality` is `false`.
     #   * `:validity` allows a concrete Enumerable implementation to indicate that it does or does not support valididty checking. By default implementations are assumed to support validity checking.
     #   * `:skolemize` supports [Skolemization](https://www.w3.org/wiki/BnodeSkolemization) of an `Enumerable`. Implementations supporting this feature must implement a `#skolemize` method, taking a base URI used for minting URIs for BNodes as stable identifiers and a `#deskolemize` method, also taking a base URI used for turning URIs having that prefix back into the same BNodes which were originally skolemized.
-    #   * `:quoted_triples` supports RDF 1.2 quoted triples.
+    #   * `:rdf_full` supports RDF 1.2 Full profile, including support for embedded Triple Terms.
+    #   * `:quoted_triples` supports RDF-star quoted triples.
     #   * `:base_direction` supports RDF 1.2 directional language-tagged strings.
     #
     # @param  [Symbol, #to_sym] feature

lib/rdf/mixin/queryable.rb

@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@ def query_execute(query, **options, &block)
     #
     # Patterns may also have embedded patterns as either a subject or object, recursively.
     #
+    # Patterns with a variable `graph_name` do not match the default graph.
+    #
     # When matching, match an embedded pattern against embedded statements, recursively. (see {RDF::Query::Pattern#eql?})
     #
     # @param  [RDF::Query::Pattern] pattern

lib/rdf/mixin/writable.rb

@@ -127,10 +127,11 @@ def insert_graph(graph)
     def insert_statements(statements)
       each = statements.respond_to?(:each_statement) ? :each_statement : :each
       statements.__send__(each) do |statement|
-        if statement.embedded? && respond_to?(:supports?) && !supports?(:quoted_triples)
+        # FIXME: quoted triples are now deprecated
+        if statement.embedded? && respond_to?(:supports?) && !(supports?(:quoted_triples) || supports?(:rdf_full))
           raise ArgumentError, "Writable does not support quoted triples"
         end
-        if statement.object && statement.object.literal? && statement.object.direction? && !supports?(:base_direction)
+        if statement.object && statement.object.literal? && statement.object.direction? && respond_to?(:supports?) && !supports?(:base_direction)
           raise ArgumentError, "Writable does not support directional languaged-tagged strings"
         end
         insert_statement(statement)

lib/rdf/model/dataset.rb

@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ def isolation_level
     # @private
     # @see RDF::Enumerable#supports?
     def supports?(feature)
-      return true if %i(graph_name quoted_triples).include?(feature)
+      # FIXME: quoted triples are now deprecated
+      return true if %i(graph_name quoted_triples rdf_full).include?(feature)
       super
     end
 

lib/rdf/model/graph.rb

@@ -305,8 +305,9 @@ def query_pattern(pattern, **options, &block)
     # @private
     # @see RDF::Mutable#insert
     def insert_statement(statement)
-      if statement.embedded? && !@data.supports?(:quoted_triples)
-        raise ArgumentError, "Graph does not support quoted triples"
+      # FIXME: quoted triples are now deprecated
+      if statement.embedded? && !(@data.supports?(:quoted_triples) || @data.supports?(:rdf_full))
+        raise ArgumentError, "Graph does not support the RDF Full profile"
       end
       if statement.object && statement.object.literal? && statement.object.direction? &&  !@data.supports?(:base_direction)
         raise ArgumentError, "Graph does not support directional languaged-tagged strings"

lib/rdf/model/literal.rb

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ def initialize(value, language: nil, datatype: nil, direction: nil, lexical: nil
       @string   = @string.encode(Encoding::UTF_8).freeze if instance_variable_defined?(:@string)
       @object   = @string if instance_variable_defined?(:@string) && @object.is_a?(String)
       @language = language.to_s.downcase.to_sym if language
-      @direction = direction.to_s.downcase.to_sym if direction
+      @direction = direction.to_s.to_sym if direction
       @datatype = RDF::URI(datatype).freeze if datatype
       @datatype ||= self.class.const_get(:DATATYPE) if self.class.const_defined?(:DATATYPE)
       @datatype ||= if instance_variable_defined?(:@language) && @language &&
@@ -451,6 +451,16 @@ def valid?
       false
     end
 
+    ##
+    # Returns `true` if this is a language-tagged literal in the English
+    # language.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean] `true` or `false`
+    # @since  3.3.2
+    def english?
+      /\Aen(?:-[A-Za-z]{2})?\z/ === language.to_s
+    end
+
     ##
     # Validates the value using {RDF::Value#valid?}, raising an error if the value is
     # invalid.

lib/rdf/model/statement.rb

@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ def self.from(statement, graph_name: nil, **options)
     #   @option options [RDF::Term]  :graph_name   (nil)
     #     Note, in RDF 1.1, a graph name MUST be an {Resource}.
     #   @option options [Boolean] :inferred used as a marker to record that this statement was inferred based on semantic relationships (T-Box).
-    #   @option options [Boolean] :quoted used as a marker to record that this statement quoted and appears as the subject or object of another RDF::Statement.
+    #   @option options [Boolean] :tripleTerm used as a marker to record that this statement appears as the object of another RDF::Statement.
+    #   @option options [Boolean] :quoted used as a marker to record that this statement quoted and appears as the subject or object of another RDF::Statement (deprecated).
     #   @return [RDF::Statement]
     #
     # @overload initialize(subject, predicate, object, **options)
@@ -84,7 +85,8 @@ def self.from(statement, graph_name: nil, **options)
     #   @option options [RDF::Term]  :graph_name   (nil)
     #     Note, in RDF 1.1, a graph name MUST be an {Resource}.
     #   @option options [Boolean] :inferred used as a marker to record that this statement was inferred based on semantic relationships (T-Box).
-    #   @option options [Boolean] :quoted used as a marker to record that this statement quoted and appears as the subject or object of another RDF::Statement.
+    #   @option options [Boolean] :tripleTerm used as a marker to record that this statement appears as the object of another RDF::Statement.
+    #   @option options [Boolean] :quoted used as a marker to record that this statement quoted and appears as the subject or object of another RDF::Statement (deprecated).
     #   @return [RDF::Statement]
     def initialize(subject = nil, predicate = nil, object = nil, options = {})
       if subject.is_a?(Hash)
@@ -211,6 +213,13 @@ def asserted?
 
     ##
     # @return [Boolean]
+    def tripleTerm?
+      !!@options[:tripleTerm]
+    end
+
+    ##
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    # @deprecated Quoted triples are now deprecated
     def quoted?
       !!@options[:quoted]
     end

lib/rdf/model/uri.rb

@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ class URI
     IUSERINFO = Regexp.compile("(?:(?:#{IUNRESERVED})|(?:#{PCT_ENCODED})|(?:#{SUB_DELIMS})|:)*").freeze
     IAUTHORITY = Regexp.compile("(?:#{IUSERINFO}@)?#{IHOST}(?::#{PORT})?").freeze
 
-    IRELATIVE_PART = Regexp.compile("(?:(?://#{IAUTHORITY}(?:#{IPATH_ABEMPTY}))|(?:#{IPATH_ABSOLUTE})|(?:#{IPATH_NOSCHEME})|(?:#{IPATH_EMPTY}))").freeze
-    IRELATIVE_REF = Regexp.compile("^#{IRELATIVE_PART}(?:\\?#{IQUERY})?(?:\\##{IFRAGMENT})?$").freeze
+    IRELATIVE_PART = Regexp.compile("//#{IAUTHORITY}(?:#{IPATH_ABEMPTY})|(?:#{IPATH_ABSOLUTE})|(?:#{IPATH_NOSCHEME})|(?:#{IPATH_EMPTY})").freeze
+    IRELATIVE_REF = Regexp.compile("^(?:#{IRELATIVE_PART})(?:\\?#{IQUERY})?(?:\\##{IFRAGMENT})?$").freeze
 
-    IHIER_PART = Regexp.compile("(?:(?://#{IAUTHORITY}#{IPATH_ABEMPTY})|(?:#{IPATH_ABSOLUTE})|(?:#{IPATH_ROOTLESS})|(?:#{IPATH_EMPTY}))").freeze
+    IHIER_PART = Regexp.compile("//#{IAUTHORITY}(?:#{IPATH_ABEMPTY})|(?:#{IPATH_ABSOLUTE})|(?:#{IPATH_ROOTLESS})|(?:#{IPATH_EMPTY})").freeze
     IRI = Regexp.compile("^#{SCHEME}:(?:#{IHIER_PART})(?:\\?#{IQUERY})?(?:\\##{IFRAGMENT})?$").freeze
 
     # Split an IRI into it's component parts
@@ -1240,17 +1240,18 @@ def query_values(return_type=Hash)
       query.to_s.split('&').
         inject(return_type == Hash ? {} : []) do |memo,kv|
           k,v = kv.to_s.split('=', 2)
-          next if k.to_s.empty?
-          k = CGI.unescape(k)
-          v = CGI.unescape(v) if v
-          if return_type == Hash
-            case memo[k]
-            when nil then memo[k] = v
-            when Array then memo[k] << v
-            else memo[k] = [memo[k], v]
+          unless k.to_s.empty?
+            k = CGI.unescape(k)
+            v = CGI.unescape(v) if v
+            if return_type == Hash
+              case memo[k]
+              when nil then memo[k] = v
+              when Array then memo[k] << v
+              else memo[k] = [memo[k], v]
+              end
+            else
+              memo << [k, v].compact
             end
-          else
-            memo << [k, v].compact
           end
           memo
         end

lib/rdf/model/value.rb

@@ -197,19 +197,20 @@ def validate!
     alias_method :validate, :validate!
 
     ##
-    # Returns `true` if this Value starts with the given `string`.
+    # Returns `true` if this Value starts with any of the given strings.
     #
     # @example
     #   RDF::URI('http://example.org/').start_with?('http')     #=> true
     #   RDF::Node('_:foo').start_with?('_:bar')                 #=> false
     #   RDF::Litera('Apple').start_with?('Orange')              #=> false
+    #   RDF::Litera('Apple').start_with?('Orange', 'Apple')     #=> true
     #
-    # @param  [String, #to_s] string
+    # @param  [Array<#to_s>] *args Any number of strings to check against.
     # @return [Boolean] `true` or `false`
     # @see    String#start_with?
     # @since  0.3.0
-    def start_with?(string)
-      to_s.start_with?(string.to_s)
+    def start_with?(*args)
+      to_s.start_with?(*args.map(&:to_s))
     end
     alias_method :starts_with?, :start_with?
 

lib/rdf/nquads.rb

@@ -71,9 +71,10 @@ def read_triple
 
           begin
             unless blank? || read_comment
+              # FIXME: quoted triples are now deprecated
               subject   = read_uriref || read_node || read_quotedTriple || fail_subject
               predicate = read_uriref(intern: true) || fail_predicate
-              object    = read_uriref || read_node || read_literal || read_quotedTriple || fail_object
+              object    = read_uriref || read_node || read_literal || read_tripleTerm || read_quotedTriple || fail_object
               graph_name    = read_uriref || read_node
               if validate? && !read_eos
                 log_error("Expected end of statement (found: #{current_line.inspect})", lineno: lineno, exception: RDF::ReaderError)

lib/rdf/ntriples.rb

@@ -15,7 +15,11 @@ module RDF
   #
   #     <https://rubygems.org/gems/rdf> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title> "rdf" .
   #
-  # ## Quoted Triples
+  # ## Triple terms
+  #
+  # Supports statements as resources using `<<(s p o)>>`.
+
+  # ## Quoted Triples (Deprecated)
   #
   # Supports statements as resources using `<<s p o>>`.
   #